Chuyến triều cống sau cùng của triều đại Tây Sơn

Abstract

In the fifth lunar month of Tan Dau (1801), king Nguyen Phuc Anh of Gia Dinh regained city of Phu Xuan (now Hue), the citadel of Tay Son. King Canh Thinh fled to Thang Long (now Ha Noi) and renamed his reign-title into Bao Hung and quickly sent a tribute envoy to China implicit support. Simultaneously the court of Gia Dinh also sent envoys to Guangdong, inspiring the Qing court to abandon the Tay Son and recognize the new kingdom as tributary state. The king of Nguyen also returned the silver seal which the Qing court had granted to Tay Son along with some captured generals who were previously pirates in the outer seas of China. As the protocols of the tributary systems, the Qing court still accepted the Tay Son request to send tribute envoy to China but lengthened the time to wait for the new comings and goings from the south. Emperor Jiaqing also secretly ordered the acceptance the emigration of the Tay Son families only (without attendants) in case they escaped to China to avoid past complications of when the king of Le fled to China in 1789. In the middle of the year Nham Tuat (1802), King Gia Long (Nguyen Phuc Anh) completed gaining control of Vietnam and arrested all of Tay Son’s family. Taking advantage of the situation, the Qing court immediately declared the Tay Son as traitors and acknowledged the new court of Phu Xuan as the legitimate government of Vietnam.