Respect for fundamental human rights is one of the three crucial principles enshrined in Japan's current Constitution, alongside popular sovereignty and pacifism. Accordingly, human rights are understood as natural rights, recognized, guaranteed, and protected by the State. The right to life is a fundamental right recognized and protected by the Japanese Constitution under Article 13. However, the right to die, or the right to euthanasia, is often considered antithetical to the right to life and has not yet been recognized or protected by the Japanese State. Japanese society has witnessed several incidents related to the right to euthanasia, which have sparked debates on whether Japan should legalize it and consider it a fundamental right deserving protection. This article analyzes the right to euthanasia in Japan by examining expert Japanese perspectives from a human rights viewpoint, utilizing synthesis and content analysis methods. The study aims to document theoretical issues concerning fundamental human rights in Japan, systematically analyze Japanese experts' views, and discuss various aspects related to the right to euthanasia—an emerging fundamental human right.